Bleocin

Although the exact mechanism of action of bleomycin sulfate is unknown, available evidence indicates that the main mode of action is the inhibition of DNA synthesis with some evidence of lesser inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis.

Bleomycin is known to cause single, and to a lesser extent, double-stranded breaks in DNA. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, bleomycin has been shown to cause cell cycle arrest in G2 and in mitosis. When administered into the pleural cavity in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion, bleomycin sulfate acts as a sclerosing agent.

Increased incidence and severity of lung toxicity with previous or concurrent radiotherapy to the chest. Combination with vinca alkaloids may result to a syndrome corresponding to morbus Raynaud, ischaemia which can lead to necrosis of peripheral parts of the body (fingers, toes, nose tip). May reduce the absorption of phenytoin. Increased risk of agranulocytosis with clozapine.

Common side effects of Bleomycin Sulfate include injection site reactions (pain, redness, warmth, itching, or swelling), fever, chills, vomiting, loss of appetite, weight loss, darkening or discoloration of the skin, changes in fingernails or toenails, itching, or pain near your tumor.

Pregnancy Category D. It is not known whether the drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, it is recommended that nursing be discontinued by women receiving Bleomycin Sulfate therapy.

Caution should be taken in patient with severe heart disease, Renal impairment, Elderly & Pregnancy.

Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of Bleomycin in pediatric patients have not been established.

Geriatric Use: In clinical trials, pulmonary toxicity was more common in patients older than 70 years than in younger patients

Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Symptoms: Hypotension, fever, rapid pulse and general symptoms of shock.

Management: Symptomatic. In case of resp complications, treat with a corticosteroid and a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Store between 2-8°C. Protect from light and should not be used after the expiration date is reached.