Amlexanox is indicated for the treatment of aphthous ulcers.
The mechanism of action by which Amlexanox accelerates healing of aphthous ulcers is unknown. In vitro studies have demonstrated Amlexanox to be a potent inhibitor of the formation and release of inflammatory mediators (histamine and leukotrienes) from mast cells, neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Given orally to animals, Amlexanox has demonstrated anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities and has been shown to suppress both immediate and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. The relevance of these activities of Amlexanox to its effects on aphthous ulcers has not been established. After a single oral application of 100 mg of paste (5 mg Amlexanox), maximal serum levels are observed at 2.4 hours. Most of the systemic absorption of Amlexanox is via the gastrointestinal tract and the amount absorbed directly through the active ulcer is not a significant portion of the applied dose. The half-life for elimination was 3.5 +/- 1.1 hours in healthy individuals.
Adverse reactions reported by 1-2% of patients were transient pain, stinging and/or burning at the site of application. Infrequent (<1%) adverse reactions in the clinical studies were contact mucositis, nausea, and diarrhea.
US FDA pregnancy category B. Teratology studies were performed with animals at doses up to two hundred and six hundred times, respectively, the projected human daily dose. No adverse fetal effects were observed. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Amlexanox was found in the milk of lactating rats; therefore, caution should be exercised when administering Amlexanox oral paste to a nursing woman.
Wash hands immediately after applying Amlexanox oral paste directly to ulcers with the finger tips. In the event that a rash or contact mucositis occurs, discontinue use.
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of Amlexanox oral paste in pediatric patients have not been established.
Ingestion of a full tube of 5 grams of paste would result in systemic exposure well below the maximum nontoxic dose of Amlexanox in animals. Gastrointestinal upset such as diarrhea and vomiting could result from an overdose.
Store in a cool & dry place. Protect from light. Keep out of reach of the children